Traffic management

Service routes and version subsets should be in place given the destination rules applied in Lab 3. If they are not present, re-apply the destination rules:

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: DestinationRule
3metadata:
4  name: productpage
5spec:
6  host: productpage
7  subsets:
8    - name: v1
9      labels:
10        version: v1
11---
12
13apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
14kind: DestinationRule
15metadata:
16name: reviews
17spec:
18host: reviews
19subsets: - name: v1
20labels:
21version: v1 - name: v2
22labels:
23version: v2 - name: v3
24labels:
25version: v3
26
27---
28
29apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
30kind: DestinationRule
31metadata:
32name: ratings
33spec:
34host: ratings
35subsets: - name: v1
36labels:
37version: v1 - name: v2
38labels:
39version: v2 - name: v2-mysql
40labels:
41version: v2-mysql - name: v2-mysql-vm
42labels:
43version: v2-mysql-vm
44
45---
46
47apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
48kind: DestinationRule
49metadata:
50name: details
51spec:
52host: details
53subsets: - name: v1
54labels:
55version: v1 - name: v2
56labels:
57version: v2
58
59---

Start managing traffic routes

Some basics to get us started.

Send all requests to Productpage v1

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v1

Using Meshery, apply custom configuration.

Refresh BookInfo productpage

Send all requests to Productpage v2

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v2

Using Meshery, apply custom configuration.

Refresh BookInfo productpage.

Traffic routing based on user or user-agent type

Redirect requests from mobile devices

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: bookinfo
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - "bookinfo.meshery.io"
8  gateways:
9    - sample-app-gateway
10  http:
11    - match:
12        - headers:
13            User-Agent:
14              regex: ^.*Mobile.*$
15      route:
16        - headers:
17            request:
18              set:
19                x-response: "Success with Mobile"
20          destination:
21            host: productpage
22            port:
23              number: 9080
24    - route:
25        - destination:
26            host: product
27            subset: random

Set your browser to mimic a mobile device. Enable Developer tools, if need. Refresh BookInfo productpage.

Redirect requests based on HTTP header information

Example of using user information from HTTP headers to redirect requests.

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - match:
10        - headers:
11            end-user:
12              exact: naruto
13      route:
14        - destination:
15            host: reviews
16            subset: v2
17    - match:
18        - headers:
19            end-user:
20              exact: sasuke
21      route:
22        - destination:
23            host: reviews
24            subset: v3
25    - route:
26        - destination:
27            host: reviews
28            subset: v1

Traffic Mirroring with Istio

You will need to generate load on BookInfo's productpage service. See Lab 4 for instructions for running a performance test.

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v1
13          weight: 100
14      mirror:
15        host: reviews
16        subset: v2
17      mirror_percent: 100

Incrementally increase the traffic split percentage to the higher version service #. Start at 20% traffic split

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v1
13          weight: 80
14        - destination:
15            host: reviews
16            subset: v3
17          weight: 20

Move to 50%. Observe in Meshery.

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v1
13          weight: 50
14        - destination:
15            host: reviews
16            subset: v3
17          weight: 50

Injecting Latency

Acknowledging the fallacy that the network is always reliable, you will intentionally cause a little chaos.

Exploring timeouts with Reviews service

Note Istio Proxy's default timeout settings.

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1---
2apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
3kind: VirtualService
4metadata:
5  name: reviews
6spec:
7  hosts:
8    - reviews
9  http:
10    - match:
11        - headers:
12            end-user:
13              exact: naruto
14      fault:
15        delay:
16          percentage:
17            value: 100.0
18          fixedDelay: 11s
19      route:
20        - destination:
21            host: reviews
22            subset: v1
23    - route:
24        - destination:
25            host: reviews
26            subset: v2

Exploring timeouts with Ratings service

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1---
2apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
3kind: VirtualService
4metadata:
5  name: ratings
6spec:
7  hosts:
8    - ratings
9  http:
10    - match:
11        - headers:
12            end-user:
13              exact: naruto
14      fault:
15        delay:
16          percentage:
17            value: 100.0
18          fixedDelay: 5s
19      route:
20        - destination:
21            host: ratings
22            subset: v1
23    - route:
24        - destination:
25            host: ratings
26            subset: v1

Retries

Overcoming the latency issue.

Set 5 retry attempts and a 3 second timeout

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1apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
2kind: VirtualService
3metadata:
4  name: reviews
5spec:
6  hosts:
7    - reviews
8  http:
9    - route:
10        - destination:
11            host: reviews
12            subset: v1
13      retries:
14        attempts: 5
15        perTryTimeout: 3s

Alternative: Manual installation

Follow these steps if the above steps did not work

Traffic management with Istio

If you haven't forked or cloned this repository, please do so now:

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1git clone https://github.com/layer5io/advanced-istio-service-mesh-workshop

Route all traffic to version V1

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1kubectl apply -f route-v1-v2/v1.yaml

Route all traffic to version V2

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1kubectl apply -f route-v1-v2/v2.yaml

Traffic routing based on user or user-agent type

Redirect requests from mobile devices

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1kubectl apply -f route-header/device.yaml

Redirect requests based on Cookie data

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1kubectl apply -f route-header/user.yaml